Topics: 1. Definition, Aims and Scope of Archaeology a. Definition of archaeology b. Scope of archaeology, its relationship with History and Anthropology c. The archaeological time—from Prehistory to medieval and beyond 2. Nature of the archaeological record a. Definition of archaeological sites b. Exploration and excavation c. Artifacts and ecofacts d. Formation processes of the archaeological record 3. An archaeological culture sequence: dating methods a. Introduction to relative dating methods b. Introduction to absolute dating methods c. Case studies 4. Role of natural sciences in Archaeology a. Origins of humankind: Paleoanthropology b. Study of fossils: Paleontology c. Study of burial patterns: Human skeletal biology d. Study of zoological remains: Archaeozoology e. Study of past flora: Paleobotany f. Chemical conservation and preservation of iron and copper objects 5. Role of Earth sciences in Archaeology: applications in the Indian context a. Earth sciences: Geology, Geomorphology, Geophysics, Geochemistry, Geochronology b. Applications in prehistory c. Applications in other branches of archaeology 6. Cultural resource management and public archaeology 7. Use and abuse of archaeology: current debates Select readings: Agrawal, D.P. and M. G. Yadav. 1995. Dating the Human Past, Pune: ISPQS Monograph Series1. Aitken, M.J. 1990. Science based Dating in Archaeology. London: Longmans. Binford, L.R. 1983. In Pursuit of the Past: Decoding the Archaeological Record. London: Thames and Hudson. Bintliff, John. 2004. A companion to Archaeology. U.K.: Blackwell. Brothwell, D.R. and A.M. Pollard. 2001. Handbook of Archaeological Science, New York: JohnWiley and Sons Ltd. Childe, V.G. 1956. Piecing Together the Past: The Interpretation of Archaeological Data. London: Routledge and Kegan Paul. Fagan, B. 1988. In the beginning: An Introduction to Archaeology. Glenview: Scott, Foresman and company. Feder, K.L. 2004. Linking to the Past. New York:Oxford University Press. Feinman G.M. and T. G. Price. 2001. Archaeology at the Millenium. New York: Kluwer. Gamble, Clive. 2008. Archaeology: The Basics. London: Routledge. Goldberg, P., and R. I. Macphail. 2006. Practical and Theoretical Geoarchaeology. Oxford: Blackwell.
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